100% satisfaction guarantee Immediately available after payment Both online and in PDF No strings attached
logo-home
MCB 2610 Exam 2 Question and answers already passed 2024/2025 R253,62   Add to cart

Exam (elaborations)

MCB 2610 Exam 2 Question and answers already passed 2024/2025

 5 views  0 purchase
  • Course
  • MCB 2610
  • Institution
  • MCB 2610

MCB 2610 Exam 2 Question and answers already passed 2024/2025 MCB 2610 Exam 2 Nutritional Requirements of microorganisms: Macronutrients - correct answer all cells need access to large amounts of carbon, nitrogen, phosphorous, sulfur, and oxygen to build macromolecules Nutritional Requi...

[Show more]

Preview 4 out of 44  pages

  • October 17, 2024
  • 44
  • 2024/2025
  • Exam (elaborations)
  • Questions & answers
  • MCB 2610
  • MCB 2610
avatar-seller
MCB 2610 Exam 2
Nutritional Requirements of microorganisms: Macronutrients - correct answer
✔all cells need access to large amounts of carbon, nitrogen, phosphorous,
sulfur, and oxygen to build macromolecules


Nutritional Requirements of microorganisms: Micronutrients - correct answer
✔· are also required by microbes
o Includes several metal ions (NA+, Mg2+, Mn2+, etc.)
o Often required for protein structure/activity, biosynthesis of ATP by electron
transport-related processes


What elements make up proteins? - correct answer ✔C, H, O, N, S


What elements make up lipids? - correct answer ✔C, H, O, P


What elements make up carbohydrates? - correct answer ✔C, H, O


What elements make up nucleic acids? - correct answer ✔C, H, O, N, P


Micronutrients - correct answer ✔(trace elements)
o Mn, Zn, Co, Mo, Ni, and Cu
o Required in trace amounts
o Often supplied in water or in media components
o Ubiquitous in nature
o Serve as part of enzymes and cofactors
o Aid in catalysis of reactions and maintenance of protein structure

,Some organisms also require unique substances such as
_________________ used to construct _____________________ - correct
answer ✔silicic acid


silica walls of diatoms


No matter what an organism's nutrient requirement they require a
____________________ - correct answer ✔balanced mix


What happens to a microorganism if one nutrient is limited or in short supply?
- correct answer ✔the organism will have limited growth


What is the backbone of all organic components present in a cell? - correct
answer ✔Carbon


Along with carbon, what elements are also found in organic molecules -
correct answer ✔hydrogen and oxygen


Why do organisms need electrons? - correct answer ✔Electrons play a role
in energy production used for cellular work and reduction of Co2 to form
organic molecules


3. Autotrophs - correct answer ✔assimilate carbon from inorganic sources


3. Heterotrophs - correct answer ✔assimilate carbon in preexisting organic
form

,2. Organotrophs - correct answer ✔obtain electrons from organic
compounds


2. Lithotrophs - correct answer ✔use inorganic molecules as a source of
electrons


1. Phototrophs - correct answer ✔capture light energy to produce ATP


1. Chemotrophs - correct answer ✔capture energy from oxidation of reduced
organic or inorganic compounds


To what major nutritional group do you think human microbial pathogens
belong? - correct answer ✔Chemoorganoheterotroph


Can microorganisms change nutritional type? - correct answer ✔- Some
organisms have great metabolic flexibility and alter their metabolism in
response to environmental changes (ex. When oxygen is limiting they can
switch their metabolism to use light as source of energy -> facultative
anaerobe (E. coli)
- This provides distinct advantages to organisms that experience frequent
changes to environmental conditions


Why is Nitrogen an absolute requirement to microorganisms and how is it
supplied? - correct answer ✔o needed to make Amino acids, purines,
pyrimidines, some carbohydrates, lipids, enzyme cofactors, etc.
o Supplied in numerous ways such as metabolism of amino acids, nitrates,
ammonia, and some fix N2 from atmosphere

, Why is Phosphorus an absolute requirement to microorganisms and how is it
supplied? - correct answer ✔o P is needed for nucleic acids, phospholipids,
nucleotides, some cofactors, some proteins, etc
o Usually supplied as inorganic phosphate
- Most organisms use inorganic phosphorus which is directly incorporated into
their cells


Why is Sulfur an absolute requirement to microorganisms and how is it
supplied? - correct answer ✔o Sulfur is needed for amino acids cysteine and
methionine, some carbohydrates, biotin and thiamine
o Usually supplied as sulfate via assimilatory sulfate reduction
- Most organisms use sulfate and reduce it by assimilatory sulfate reduction


Growth Factors - correct answer ✔· Some organisms can synthesize all
organic molecules from a single carbon source and inorganic salts, but some
require growth factors to support growth
· Growth factors are organic compounds that cannot be synthesized by an
organism but are essential for growth
· Must be supplied by the environment if the cell is to survive and reproduce


What is needed to grow E. coli that has a mutation in one of the pathways
leading to its amino acids? - correct answer ✔· Wild type E. coli can
synthesize all of its amino acids, nucleic acids, anything it needs given basic
requirements for carbon and inorganic salts, but if there is a mutation in one of
the pathways leading to its amino acid, this organism would need that amino
acid added as a growth factor to growth medium in order for that
microorganism to grow


Why is it so difficult to grow Myobacterium leprae in lab? - correct answer ✔·
Mycobacterium lepraehas a slow growth rate and we cannot figure out how to
grow in lab as we do not know growth requirements

The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:

Guaranteed quality through customer reviews

Guaranteed quality through customer reviews

Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.

Quick and easy check-out

Quick and easy check-out

You can quickly pay through EFT, credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.

Focus on what matters

Focus on what matters

Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!

Frequently asked questions

What do I get when I buy this document?

You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.

Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?

Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.

Who am I buying this summary from?

Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller Academia199. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.

Will I be stuck with a subscription?

No, you only buy this summary for R253,62. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.

Can Stuvia be trusted?

4.6 stars on Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)

82871 documents were sold in the last 30 days

Founded in 2010, the go-to place to buy summaries for 14 years now

Start selling
R253,62
  • (0)
  Buy now