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560D Clinical Biochemistry Questions And Answers
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560D Clinical Biochemistry Questions And Answers
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Solution 2024/2025Pepper
560D Clinical Biochemistry Questions And
Answers
Which of the following factors can increase likelihood of getting iron deficiency anemia?
a. All of these responses can increase the risk of getting iron deficiency anemia
b. Heavy menstruation
c. Celiac disease
d. Deficiency of copper ANS✔✔ a. All of these responses can increase the risk of getting iron deficiency anemia
Anemia of chronic disease can be caused from prolonged inflammation (IL-6, cytokines, infection), which increases level
of __________________ to sequester iron in tissues so germs can't use the iron to reproduce.
a. Hepcidin
b. Aconitase
c. Vitamin B12
d. Folic acid ANS✔✔ a. Hepcidin
What are the four conditionally essential amino acids?
a. Arg, Gln, Gly, Tau
b. Arg, Gln, Gly, Ser
c. Arg, Glu, Gly, Tau
d. Arg, Glu, Gly, Ser ANS✔✔ a. Arg, Gln, Gly, Tau
Mutations in the SN1-SN2 transporter can lead to elevations in what 3 AA?
a. Gln, Asn, His
b. Glu, Asn, His
c. Glu, Asp, His
, Solution 2024/2025
Pepper
d. Gln, Asp, His ANS✔✔ a. Gln, Asn, His
The central energy pathways begin with digestion and assimilation of fats, carbohydrates, and proteins. Long chain FA
require the use of the _________________ shuttle to help them enter the mitochondrial for beta-oxidation.
a. Carnitine
b. Malate
c. Aspartate
d. Carnosine ANS✔✔ a. Carnitine
Inhibition of CoQ10 synthesis from statin drugs, will typically reveal elevations in urinary_____________________.
a. Hydroxymethylglutarate
b. Hydroxymethylbutyrate
c. Hydroxymethylpropionate
d. Hydroxymethylsuccinate ANS✔✔ a. Hydroxymethylglutarate
When considering toxic exposures, through what barriers and routes of entry can lipophilic (fat loving) toxins be
absorbed?
a. All of these responses
b. Through the GI tract
c. Through the skin
d. Through the lymphatics
e. In utero ANS✔✔ a. All of these responses
One of the phthalate esters used in plastic wrap to cover foods can lead to decreased kidney function, increased cysts,
increased peroxisome proliferation and even liver cancer in rats. This is a concern to humans because
________________ is used in plastic tubing for hemodialysis.
a. Di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP)
b. Dimethyl phthalate (DMP)
c. Diethyl phthalate (DEP)
, Solution 2024/2025
Pepper
d. Polyethylene terephthalate (PETE) ANS✔✔ a. Di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP)
What does the Fenton Reaction do? ANS✔✔ It forms the toxic hydroxyl radical, a form of reactive oxygen species, which
causes lipid peroxidation and formation of other free radicals
What does DMT-1 transport, and what would be the impact of an excess of any of these metals? ANS✔✔ DMT-1
transports iron, zinc, copper, and manganese. Excess can inhibit absorption of the other metals
How would antacids and H2 blockers interfere with iron absorption? ANS✔✔ DMT-1 requires H+, which comes from
stomach acid
Deficiency of which nutrients increase the risk of iron deficiency anemia? ANS✔✔ Vitamin C and copper
What is the only active and functional porphyrin in the heme synthesis pathway? ANS✔✔ Protoporphyrin IX
Where is heme synthesis most pronounced? ANS✔✔ Bone marrow and liver
What does Protoporphyrin IX convert to when heme is added? ANS✔✔ Iron
What natural constituent non-enzymatically oxidizes porphyrinogens into porphyrins and what part of the
porphyrinogen structure is oxidized? ANS✔✔ Porphyrinogens are unstable and light oxidizes them into porphyrins by
oxidizing the four methylene bridges
What enzyme controls the rate limiting step of heme synthesis? ANS✔✔ Delta-aminolevulinic acid synthase (ALA
synthase)
Where is ALA synthase active and what are the substrate and products in the reaction? ANS✔✔ In the mitochondrial
matrix; substrates are succinyl CoA and glycine, product is delta-aminolevulinic acid
What is the required cofactor for ALA synthase? ANS✔✔ P5P/B6
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