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Information Technology IEB Grade 12 notes. Exploring IT Grade 11 and 12 Summary R300,00   Add to cart

Class notes

Information Technology IEB Grade 12 notes. Exploring IT Grade 11 and 12 Summary

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This document is an in-depth summary of the Exploring IT: Theory textbooks for grade 11 and grade 12, made by a first in the grade student, with a 93% final mark. It is also inclusive of some additional notes taken during classes. These notes cover everything you need to know for your grade 12 Fina...

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  • October 21, 2024
  • 153
  • 2021/2022
  • Class notes
  • Mr. tweedie
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laurielouise2
IEB INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY
Grade 12 2022




Disclaimer: Content taken from Exploring IT: THEORY by
D. Kench, L.A. Coker, and R. Bradbury

,Table of Contents
Word Size ............................................................................................................. 14
IPv4 vs IPv6 Addressing ....................................................................................... 15
MAC Address ....................................................................................................... 15
Screen Resolution ................................................................................................ 15
CPU Design ............................................................................................................. 16
Control Unit ........................................................................................................... 16
Arithmetic Logic Unit ............................................................................................. 16
Registers .............................................................................................................. 17
Serial Processing .................................................................................................. 17
Parallel Processing ............................................................................................... 17
Hyperthreading.................................................................................................. 17
Multicore ........................................................................................................... 18
Multiprocessing ................................................................................................. 18
Processor Cache .................................................................................................. 19
RAM ......................................................................................................................... 20
Latency ................................................................................................................. 21
Motherboard ............................................................................................................. 21
Chipset ................................................................................................................. 22
System Clock ........................................................................................................ 22
Overclocking ..................................................................................................... 23
32-bit vs 64-bit ...................................................................................................... 23
Speed vs Throughput ........................................................................................... 24
Internal Bus/ Front Side Bus (FSB)....................................................................... 24
Data Bus ........................................................................................................... 24
Address Bus ...................................................................................................... 24
Control Bus ....................................................................................................... 25
External Buses ..................................................................................................... 25
PCI Express ...................................................................................................... 25
SATA................................................................................................................. 25
USB................................................................................................................... 25
Non-Volatile Memory Express ........................................................................... 25
M.2 Format ........................................................................................................ 25
Secondary Storage................................................................................................... 26


Page 1 of 152

, Size/Speed/Cost comparison ............................................................................... 26
Cloud Storage ....................................................................................................... 26
Size ................................................................................................................... 26
Speed................................................................................................................ 26
Cost................................................................................................................... 26
Other Types of Caching ........................................................................................... 26
Disk Cache ........................................................................................................... 26
Browser Cache ..................................................................................................... 27
Web Cache ........................................................................................................... 27
Start Up and Boot Software ...................................................................................... 27
BIOS ..................................................................................................................... 27
CMOS ................................................................................................................... 28
UEFI ..................................................................................................................... 28
Interrupts .................................................................................................................. 29
Software Interrupts ............................................................................................... 30
Hardware Interrupts .............................................................................................. 30
IRQs ..................................................................................................................... 30
IO Range .............................................................................................................. 30
Processing techniques ............................................................................................. 30
Multitasking ........................................................................................................... 31
Multithreading ....................................................................................................... 32
Virtual Memory ......................................................................................................... 32
Translators ............................................................................................................... 33
High-level languages ............................................................................................ 33
Low-level Languages ............................................................................................ 33
Assembler ............................................................................................................. 33
Interpreters ........................................................................................................... 33
Compilers ............................................................................................................. 34
Machine Code Generation ................................................................................ 34
Intermediate Representation ............................................................................. 34
Machine Code .......................................................................................................... 35
Physical Aspects of a LAN ....................................................................................... 36
Bounded Connection Media ..................................................................................... 36
Twisted-pair cable................................................................................................. 36
Unshielded Twisted-Pair (UTP) cable ................................................................... 36

Page 2 of 152

, Fibre-Optic Cable.................................................................................................. 37
Unbounded Connection Media ................................................................................. 38
Wireless ................................................................................................................ 38
Bluetooth .............................................................................................................. 38
Near Field Communication ................................................................................... 38
Radio Waves ........................................................................................................ 38
Broadcast vs Point-to-Point Communication ............................................................ 39
Topology .................................................................................................................. 39
Star Topology ....................................................................................................... 39
Bus Topology ........................................................................................................ 40
Ring Topology ...................................................................................................... 40
Hybrid Topology.................................................................................................... 41
Ethernet.................................................................................................................... 41
Network Addressing ................................................................................................. 41
IP Address ............................................................................................................ 41
IPv4 ...................................................................................................................... 41
IPv6 ...................................................................................................................... 41
MAC Address ....................................................................................................... 42
Internet Protocols ..................................................................................................... 42
Address Resolution Protocol ................................................................................ 42
DHCP ................................................................................................................... 42
DNS ...................................................................................................................... 43
TCP/IP Protocol .................................................................................................... 43
UDP and TCP ................................................................................................... 43
LAN Network Devices .............................................................................................. 43
NIC ....................................................................................................................... 44
Repeater ............................................................................................................... 44
Bridge ................................................................................................................... 44
Switch ................................................................................................................... 44
Router ................................................................................................................... 45
OSI Model ................................................................................................................ 45
Application, Presentation, and Session Layers ..................................................... 46
Transport Layer .................................................................................................... 47
Network Layer ...................................................................................................... 47
Data Link Layer..................................................................................................... 47

Page 3 of 152

, Physical Layer ...................................................................................................... 47
Packet................................................................................................................... 48
Header .............................................................................................................. 48
Payload ............................................................................................................. 48
Trailer ................................................................................................................ 48
Frame ................................................................................................................... 49
Frame Check Sequence ................................................................................... 49
VLAN .................................................................................................................... 50
VLAN Tag ......................................................................................................... 50
Wireless LAN ........................................................................................................... 50
Wireless Access Point .......................................................................................... 50
Hotspots ............................................................................................................... 51
Wireless Bridge..................................................................................................... 51
Wi-Fi Router ......................................................................................................... 51
Wireless Mesh Network (WMN) ............................................................................ 51
Bounded Connections vs Unbounded Connections.............................................. 52
Fibre Optic Backbone ............................................................................................... 52
WAN ......................................................................................................................... 53
Devices .................................................................................................................... 53
Gateways.............................................................................................................. 53
Transmission ............................................................................................................ 53
Satellite Radio Waves........................................................................................... 53
Microwave ............................................................................................................ 54
Internet Connection Technologies ............................................................................ 54
Cellular Technologies ........................................................................................... 54
3G ..................................................................................................................... 54
LTE ................................................................................................................... 55
4G ..................................................................................................................... 55
5G ..................................................................................................................... 55
Wi-Fi Calling ......................................................................................................... 55
Fibre ..................................................................................................................... 55
ADSL .................................................................................................................... 55
Ethernet Switch..................................................................................................... 55
Ethernet ................................................................................................................ 56
Servers ................................................................................................................. 56

Page 4 of 152

, Bandwidth Comparisons ....................................................................................... 56
Protocols .................................................................................................................. 57
Email protocols ..................................................................................................... 57
SMTP ................................................................................................................ 57
POP3 ................................................................................................................ 57
IMAP ................................................................................................................. 57
Web Protocols ...................................................................................................... 57
НТТР ................................................................................................................. 57
HTTPS .............................................................................................................. 57
Download Protocols .............................................................................................. 58
FTP ................................................................................................................... 58
WebDAV ........................................................................................................... 58
Evolution of the Internet ........................................................................................... 58
Web 1.0 ................................................................................................................ 58
Web 2.0 ................................................................................................................ 58
Web 3.0 ................................................................................................................ 59
Web 4.0 ................................................................................................................ 59
Scripting................................................................................................................ 59
Client-side ......................................................................................................... 60
Server-side ........................................................................................................ 60
The Combination of Client-Side and Server-Side.............................................. 60
Cookies................................................................................................................. 61
Web-Based Applications .......................................................................................... 61
Mobile Websites ....................................................................................................... 62
Mobile Applications .................................................................................................. 63
Native Mobile App................................................................................................. 63
Hybrid Mobile App ................................................................................................ 63
Design Factors for Mobile Technology ..................................................................... 64
Screens ................................................................................................................ 64
Processing Demands............................................................................................ 64
Storage Demands ................................................................................................. 64
Bandwidth Requirements ...................................................................................... 64
Plug-Ins and Extensions........................................................................................... 64
Search Engines ........................................................................................................ 65
Searching for Sound ............................................................................................. 65

Page 5 of 152

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