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ECPI A&P CHAPTER 12 EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS

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Sensation: - Answer-Brain becomes aware of sensory information Sensory Receptors: - Answer-How you detect a change How are sensations sent to the brain? - Answer-Action potential Perception: - Answer-The way the brain interprets the sensory information (the sensations received) Projecti...

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  • October 26, 2024
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ECPI A&P CHAPTER 12 EXAM
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
Sensation: - Answer-Brain becomes aware of sensory information

Sensory Receptors: - Answer-How you detect a change

How are sensations sent to the brain? - Answer-Action potential

Perception: - Answer-The way the brain interprets the sensory information (the
sensations received)

Projection: - Answer-Ability of brain to localize where the stimulate is happening
- Ex: someone touches your arm with your eyes closed and you can tell your arm is
being touched.

Sensory Adaptation: - Answer-Brain's ability to ignore a stimulus
- Smelling/tasting very liable to sensory adaptation
- Ex: getting used to a bad smell where you don't smell it's bad anymore

Exoreceptive Senses: - Answer-Any sensation that comes from external environment
Ex: pain, touch, temperature

Interoceptive Senses: - Answer-Any sensation that comes from inside the body
- Ex: Changes in viscera (internal organs of body)

Proprioceptive Senses: - Answer-Pressure/position

Properties of General Senses: - Answer-Senses with small, widespread sensory
receptors, associated with skin, muscles, joints, viscera.

Touch & Pressure Senses: - Answer-- Free nerve endings
- Meissner's Corpuscles & Merkel Receptors
- Pacinian Corpuscles

Free Nerve Endings: - Answer-For pain and temperature

Meissner's Corpuscles & Merkel Receptors: - Answer-Touch sensation
- Merkel is in epidermis

Pacinian Corpuscles: - Answer-For pressure, vibrations
- In dermis

Muscle Spindles: - Answer-Proreceptors of muscles

, Gustation: - Answer-Sense of taste

Properties of Special Senses: - Answer-- in the head

- Smell: olfactory nerves in nasal cavity
- Taste: taste buds in oral cavity
- Hearing & equilibrium: inner ears
- Sight: eyes

Taste Buds: - Answer-Located on tongue, cheeks, pharynx
- Organs of taste
- About 10,000 taste buds, each with 50-150 taste cells

Taste Receptors: - Answer-- Chemoreceptors
- Adaptation taste cells replaced every 3 days

Taste Sensations: - Answer-- Sweet: carbohydrates
- Sour: acids
- Salty: salts
- Bitter: many organic compounds, mg, Ca salts
- Umami: amino acids

Taste Pathways: - Answer-- Facial nerve (VII).
- Glossopharyngeal nerve (IX).
- Vagus nerve (X).

Pain pathway: - Answer-1. free nerve endings stimulated
2. sends action potential to posterior horn (grey matter) of spinal cord
3. It then ascends into the Spinothalamic tract --> goes to thalamus
4. Thalamus will send impulse to cutaneous sensory area (parietal lobe)

Referred pain: - Answer-Happens because of a *common nerve pathway*
Ex: When your arm hurts and it feels like your skin hurts, but it's really your heart

3 Sections of the ear: - Answer-- Outer ear
- Middle ear
- Inner ear

Parts of Outer Ear: - Answer-- Auricle (Pinna)
- External Acoustic Meatus (ear canal) - Tympanic membrane

Auricle (Pinna): - Answer-- Part of outer ear
- Collects sound waves

External Acoustic Meatus: - Answer-- Part of outer ear

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