Exam (elaborations)
PYC2605 TEST BANK 2024/2025
- Institution
- University Of South Africa (Unisa)
PYC2605 TEST BANK 2024/2025 QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS
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lOMoAR cPSD| 48047628, lOMoAR cPSD| 48047628
PLEASE NOTE THAT YOU ARE WELCOME TO DISAGREE WITH ME. LET US TRY TO WORK TOGETHER TO FIND
THE CORRECT ANSWERS!!!
SECTION A: COMPULSORY FOR ALL STUDENTS
QUESTION 1
Complete the following sentence about the ‘birth’ of a new epidemic. The world first became aware of a new
disease in June 1981 when___________
People in central Africa showed symptoms like severe diarrhoea and weight loss – a disease that was referred
to as ‘slim disease’ at the time
A very rare form of pneumonia and an uncommon type of cancer were diagnosed in homosexual
men in Los Angeles
A rare form of pneumonia also known as PCP was diagnosed in people with haemophilia Scientists were
baffled by a new disease that was sexually transmitted.
ANSWER: I refer you to P 4, paragraph 1.1 in our textbook.
QUESTION 2
Two viruses are associated with Aids, namely HIV-1 and HIV-2. The difference between the two viruses is
_______
HIV-1 infections have a longer latency period than HIV-2 before the disease develops
HIV-1 progresses faster to final stage Aids than HIV-2
HIV-1 has lower viral counts than HIV-2
HIV-2 is more pathogenic than HIV-1
ANSWER: Please consult P8, paragraph 1.2.1 in our textbook. This is a popular exam question.
QUESTION 3
The defences of the immune system can be divided into the two mail groups namely the non-specific
defences and the specific defences. An example of the specific defences is _________
(1) the skin and mucous membranes
(2) plasma proteins & white blood cells
(3) macrophages
(4) CD4+T cell
ANSWER: P 27, figure 2.1 in our textbook.
QUESTION 4
We get new flu vaccines every year. Why is it so difficult to develop a vaccine for HIV?
, lOMoAR cPSD| 48047628
- Flu virus mutates slowly, HIV mutates too quickly
ANSWER: P 47, Paragraph 2.2.5.2
QUESTION 5
In order to use the CD4+T cell is to manufacture more viruses. HIV uses ___________ to transform its viral
RNA onto pro-viral DNA
(1) reverse transcriptase
(2) entry inhibitors
(3) integrase
(4) protease
ANSWER: P 42, paragraph 2.2.4.2
QUESTION 6
In the beginning scientists thought that there must be a break in the mucous membranes of the vagina for
HIV to transmit from a man to a woman. The last research shows that __________
(1) previous research was not completely wrong. HIV needs antigen-presenting cells to present the virus
to the CD4+T cells and there has to be a microscopically tear in the vaginal wall for this to happen
(2) there does not have to be a break in the mucous membranes of the vagina. HIV can easily enter cells
in the vaginal wall by binding to the CD4 receptors and co-receptors in these cells
(3) previous research was right. HIV can only transmit from a man to a woman if there is a small tearin
the mucous membranes of the vagina
(4) it does not really matter of there is a tear in the vaginal wall or not because antiretroviral therapy will
protect the woman from getting infected from HIV
ANSWER: P 55, paragraph 3.1.1.3
QUESTION 7
There are various biological, epidemiological and socioeconomic factors that influence the spread of HIV
infection. Women are biologically more vulnerable to HIV infection than men, because women _________
(1) living in some traditional African societies are often forced to comply with cultural practices, such as living
with their in-laws and submitting themselves to the practice of widow cleansing
(2) are exposed to semen for a longer time during sex than men are exposed to vaginal fluids, and semen
contains higher concentrations of HIV than do vaginal fluids
(3) living in poor and deprived conditions are often forced to become sex workers in order to keep
themselves and their children alive
(4) often have more sexual partners than men
, lOMoAR cPSD| 48047628
ANSWER: P 51, paragraph 3.1.1.1
QUESTION 8
It is the policy of the South African National Blood Service to test all donated blood for the following (1) HIV
only
(2) HIV, hepatitis B and syphilis
(3) HIV, hepatitis B, hepatitis C and syphilis
(4) HIV, hepatitis B, hepatitis C, syphilis and herpes
ANSWER: P 57, paragraph 3.2.1
QUESTION 9
With the definition of ‘HIV-exposed’ in mind, which one of the following examples explains the definition or
concept the best?
(1) Peter was exposed to the blood of this mother during birth, but his mother was already on ARVs
during her pregnancy. He was therefore not exposed to HIV
(2) Tony was born to an HIV infected mother, but an HIV test had to be done to determine if he was HIV
positive or negative
(3) Amalia was born to an HIV infected mother who also breastfed her, and therefore her exposure
toHIV was very high
(4) Nozuko was exposed to the blood of her mother at birth, and it is certain that she will be HIV
infected
ANSWER: P 62, paragraph 3.3
QUESTION 10
Which of the following body fluids should be considered to be as likely to transmit HIV infection as HIV-
infected blood?
- Vaginal secretions, pregnancy fluid, vomit in blood
ANSWER: P 549 paragraph 19.1.1
QUESTION 11
What does it mean when we say that a person has 'seroconverted' or that seroconversion has taken place?
- Asymptomatic stage of infection, not show any symptoms yet.
ANSWER: P .56, ALSO GLOSSARY P 710
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