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BIOLOGY EDEXCEL IAL UNIT 2 - PAST PAPER QUESTIONS
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BIOLOGY: EDEXCEL IAL UNIT 2 - PAST PAPERQUESTIONS
Similarities between mitochondria and chloroplasts. - answers- 1) surrounded by a
double membrane.
2) circular dna
Give one difference between an organ and a tissue. - answers- ø an organ has many
functions, tissue has one.
Ø an organ has many cell types, tissue only has one.
Suggest one way in which tissues and organs are similar. - answers- both have cells
that work together to carry out a specific function.
Description of nucleus - answers- 1) double membran/ nuclear membrane.
2) nuclear pores.
3) nucleolus.
4) chromatin.
Name the adaptation that allows sheep to learn to ignore sounds that have no
importance to them. - answers- behavioural
Name the adaptation that allows the formation of a sun tan when human skin is
exposed to sunlight. - answers- physiological
Describe and explain 2 adaptations of the human egg cell. - answers- 1) haploid/ 23
chromosomes.
2) so that diploid number can be restored at fertilisation.
3) lipid droplets/ food store.
4) supplies energy/ nutrients for division.
5) large cell surface area.
6) increased change of fertilisation.
7) cortical granules/ lysosomes/ zona pellucida.
8) to prevent polyspermy.
Suggest why the tip of the root is used when observing mitosis. - answers- site of cell
division/ mitosis/ actively dividing cells/ meristem.
Suggest why cut root tips are placed in acid when preparing a root tip squash. -
answers- to soften the material/ macerate/ break middle lamella/ eq.
The tip of the growing pollen time releases digestive enzymes into the style.
, Suggest the role of these digestive enzymes in the growth of the pollen tube. -
answers- 1) idea of breakdown/ digestion of style.
2) breaks down protein/ pectin/ middle lamella.
3) ref. To hydrolysis.
4) easier for pollen tube to grow/ reduced resistance.
5) supplies nutrients/ energy for pollen tube growth.
Suggest why bioplastic is described as a more sustainable form of packaging than oil-
based plastics. - answers- 1) bioplastic/ starch comes from plants.
2) plants/ starch are renewable.
3) oil-based plastic is from non-renewable resource/ eq.
Suggest one environmental advantage of using biodegradable packaging. - answers-
will not accumulate/ not contribute to landfill/ can be decomposed.
Explain how newly made proteins from the rer end up as glycoproteins on the cell
surface membrane. - answers- 1) protein released from ribosome/ eq.
2) enters the rer.
3) becomes packaged into (rer) vesicles.
4) vesicles/ proteins move to golgi apparatus/ vesicles fuse with/ protein enters golgi.
5) protein modified/ carbohydrate added eq.
6) then become packaged into (secretory) vesicles/ eq.
7) vesicles move towards/ fuse with the cell surface membrane.
Totipotent stem cells - answers- 1) undifferentiated/ unspecialised stem cell.
2) that can differentiate/ give rise to all/ any cell types.
3) can keep dividing.
Suggest one risk to the person receiving stem cells? - answers- possible route to
infection/ rejection by recipient/ increased risk of becoming cancerous.
Genetic material in animal and plant cells. - answers- separate strands.
Which cells are centrioles found in? - answers- animal cells only.
Which cells have cell surface membranes? - answers- animal, plant and prokaryotic
cells.
In which cells are pits found? - answers- plant cells only.
In which cells is the tonoplast present? - answers- plant cells only.
In which cells are cell walls found in? - answers- plant and prokaryotic cells.
What are the 80s ribosomes attached to in the rer? - answers- cisterna.
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