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Organic Chem study mindmaps/notes
- Institution
- University Of South Africa (Unisa)
Mindmaps per topic required to study fir first year students of organic chemistry. In detail and easy to understand. Colour coordinated
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Compounds are formed when two ormore elements chemically combine,
resulting in the formation of bonds.
Isomers: compounds with the same
chemical formula but different
molecular structures
1. structural isomers: compounds in Structure of the atom
Periodic Table which the molecules differ in how the
atoms are connected to each other.
2. spatial isomers: the relative
orientations of the atoms in space can
be different
Chemical Formulae
Ato
ATOMS, MOLECULES AND IONS All
Ato
ret
Ele
giv
Ionic bonds: Co
Molecular and Ionic Compounds
When electrons are transferred and ions form che
Electrostatic forces of attraction
Monatomic ions: ions formed from only one atom.
Covalent (molecular) bonds:
Polyatomic ions: electrically charged molecules (a group of bonded
When electrons are “shared” and molecules form Chem
atoms with an overall charge)
Shorter covalent bonds are generally stronger
Oxyanions: polyatomic ions that contain one or more oxygen atoms.
Attractive forces between the positively charged
Bond’s strength: how strongly each atom is joined to another atom; how Namin
nuclei of the bonded atoms and one or more pairs
much energy is required to break the bond between the two atoms. 1. Bin
of electrons that are located between the atoms
Compounds are classified as ionic or molecular (covalent) on the basis one
Non-polar covalent bonds: bonds in which the
of the bonds present in them Na
bonding electrons are equally shared between
Ionic compounds: A compound that contains ions and is held together the
the bonded atoms.
by ionic bonds end
- occurs between atoms of equal or comparable
- When a metal is combined with one or more nonmetals, the compound For
electronegativities
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