A complete and thorough summary of everything in Afrikaans Paper 1, matric. This includes sentence structure and word order, and the rules that apply. These notes cover nearly everything that is learnt over the entirety of high school (grade 8-12) for Afrikaans First Additional Language, IEB, so i...
,Sinstrukture
S v1 T O M P v2 I
Verlede en Toekomende tyd
Verlede tyd:
1. move V1 to the end of sin
- S T O M P ge+v1 v2 I
2. S T ^ O M P v2 I
Before: After:
Is was
Sal sou
Wil Wou
Moet moes
kan kon
het gehad
3. S het T O M P v1 I (no ge)
her ; er ; ont ; vir ; be ; mis ; ge
4. v at the same time= only v1 gets ge
- S v1 en v2 T O M P I = S het T O M P ge+v1 en v2 I
5. v at different times = both v1 and v2 gets ge
S v1 en v2 T O M P I = S het T O M P ge+v1 en gev2
6. DAWN = changes to toe
Dan G2 ; as G3 ; wanneer G3 ; nou G2
S v1 T O M P v2 I DAWN S v1 T O M P v2 I
= S het T O M P ge+v1 I toe (G1/G2/G3)
1
,7. voorsetsels (prepositions)
S het T O M P prep+ge+v1 I
Time words:
Gister = yesterday
Eergister = day before yesterday
Verlede week/ maand/ jaar = past week/ month/ year
n week/ maand/ jaar gelede = a week/ month/ year ago
n rukkie gelede = a while ago
vroeer = earlier
in die verlede = in the past
anlangs = recently
toe = then
destyds = back then
Toekomende tyd:
1. S sal T O M P v1 v2 I
2. S sal T O M P ^ v2 I
Before: After:
Het he
Is wees
3. kan ; moet ; wil
S sal T O M P ^ v2 I
time words:
More = tomorrow
Oormore = day after tomorrow
Oor n week/ maand/ jaar = over a week/ month/ year
Oor n rukkie = in a while
Binnekort = shortly
Binne n dag/ week/ maand/ jaar = in a day/ week/ month/ year
Later vandag = later today
Voldenge week/ maand/ jaar = next week/ month/ year
Tydwoorde toe verledetyd
2
, - Vandag = daardie dag
- Vanoggend = daardie oggend
- Vanaand = daardie aand
- More = die volgende dag
- Moremiddag = die volgende middag
- More oggend = die volgende oggend
- Oormore = oor twee dae
- Gister = die vorige dag
- Gisteroggend = die vorige oggend
- Gisteraand = die vorige aand
- Eergister = twee dae tevore
- Dan = toe
- Nou = toe
- Dadelik = op daardie oomblik
- Hier = daar
- Hierdie = daardie
- Hierheen = daarheen
- Hiernatoe = daarnatoe
- Kom = gaan
- Sal = sou
- Wil = wou
- Kan = kon
- Moet= moes
- Is = was
Vrae en vraagwoorde
Question word v1 S T O M P v2 I
- waar = where*
- wat = what*
- wanneer = when* - Hoekom = why
- wie = who* - Waarom = why
- hoe = how* - Hoe lank = how long
- hoe laat = how late - Waarheen = where to
- hoeveel = how many - Waaroor = about what
- hoe ver = how far - Waarvoor = for what
- hoe voel = how do they - Wie se = whose
feel - Vier wie = for whom
- Watter = which
3
, Voegwoorde
sin 1 always stays the same
Group 1:
sin 1 conj sin 2
- En = and
- Maar = but
- Dog = but
- Want = because
- Of... of = either... or
- Nog... nog = neither... nor
- Sowel... as = as... as well as
Group 2:
sin 1 conj v sin 2
the “d”s
- Dus = therefore
- Daarna = then
- Dan = then
- Daarom = therefore
- Derhalwe = therefore
- Nogtans = nevertheless
- Nietemin = nevertheless
- Anders = otherwise
- Gevolglik = as a result
- Al -= although
- Toe = then
- Tog = even so
- Buitendien = besides
- Bowendien = besides
- Intussen = meanwhile
- Verder = furthermore
Starting with group 2: al
conj v sin 1, v sin 2
4
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