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PYC3703 STUDY NOTES
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PYC3703 STUDY NOTES, Correct explanations of all the chapters. Assistance with assignments or to get latest exam materials, kindly email me at .

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  • November 9, 2024
  • 87
  • 2024/2025
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PYC3703
STUDY NOTES

, CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION TO COGNITIVE PSYCHOLOGY

COGNITIVE PSYCHOLOGY DEFINED

 Cognitive Psychology: The study of how individuals perceive, learn, remember, and
think about information, focusing on internal mental processes that underlie human
behavior.
 Dialectic: A developmental process through which ideas evolve, incorporating:
o Thesis: A proposed belief or starting concept.
o Antithesis: An opposing viewpoint that challenges the thesis.
o Synthesis: The integration of thesis and antithesis, forming a new, advanced
understanding that serves as the next thesis in the cycle.
o Culture: Significantly influences cognitive processes, such as intelligence and
perception.

Assumptions in Cognitive Psychology

 The mind operates as an information processing system—often likened to a
computer.
o Capable of processing, storing, and retrieving symbolic information.
o Holds a vast but not limitless memory capacity.
o Operates with components analogous to “software” (mental processes) and
“hardware” (brain structure).
 Cognitive psychology uses scientific methods to study internal mental processes
systematically, bypassing reliance on purely subjective or introspective approaches.

PHILOSOPHICAL ANTECEDENTS OF COGNITIVE PSYCHOLOGY: RATIONALISM VS.
EMPIRICISM

The roots of psychology trace back to two major fields: philosophy and physiology.

1. Rationalism (Plato)
o Knowledge is attained through thinking and logical analysis rather than
sensory observation.
o Reality lies in abstract concepts rather than observable phenomena.
o René Descartes: Advocated that sensory experiences can be misleading
(“Cogito, ergo sum” — "I think, therefore I am").

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