Pharmacology - Parenteral & Enteral Nutrition questions with correct answers
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Course
RN- Nursing
Institution
RN- Nursing
What is parenteral nutrition? Correct Answer-nutritional feeding through the vein
- can be either total or peripheral
When is peripheral parenteral nutrition used? Correct Answer-short term nutritional needs (< 7 days) + enteral nutrition is not feasible
What kind of solutions can be used...
Pharmacology - Parenteral & Enteral Nutrition
questions with correct answers
What is parenteral nutrition? Correct Answer-nutritional feeding through
the vein
- can be either total or peripheral
When is peripheral parenteral nutrition used? Correct Answer-short term
nutritional needs (< 7 days) + enteral nutrition is not feasible
What kind of solutions can be used in peripheral parenteral nutrition?
Correct Answer-Only dilute nutritional solutions may be used
- d/t restrictions involving concentrations of dextrose, electrolytes, and
osmolality that are tolerated by peripheral veins
What is TPN?
When is it used? Correct Answer-All daily nutritional needs are
provided through central line for long-term nutritional support (> 7 days)
- requires hypertonic IV fluids
What are indications for TPN? Correct Answer-- Bowel obstruction or
resection
- diffuse peritonitis
- GI fistulas
- pancreatitis
- severe vomiting/diarrhea
,- preoperative nutrition if there is malnutrition
- can't tolerate enteral feedings
What is enteral nutrition? Correct Answer-Providing nutrients through
the GI tract via feeding tubes (typical)
When is enteral nutrition used? Correct Answer-WHEN THE GUT
WORKS, USE IT!
- always preferred
What are indications for enteral nutrition? Correct Answer--
hypermetabolic states
- organ failure
- GI diseases
- neoplastic disease
- pregnancy complication
- anorexia
- neurologic impairment
- transplant
What are the complications of enteral feeding? Correct Answer-
Dehydration
Aspiration
Diarrhea, Vomiting, Gastroparesis
, Metabolic disturbances
How does enteral nutrition cause dehydration? Correct Answer-Most
enteral formulations do not contain enough water to maintain hydration
How can dehydration be prevented/treated during enteral nutrition?
Correct Answer-Supplemental water is needed via "flushes" to prevent
dehydration & tube clogging
When does an enteral feeding tube need flushed? Correct Answer-- as
needed
- before/after any meds are given
- in between different meds given
Which type of enteral nutrition has the highest risk of aspiration?
Correct Answer-Nasogastric or Orogastric
How to prevent aspiration during enteral feedings? Correct Answer--
Elevate upper body (30-degrees) during the infusion and for at least 1
hour after.
- Avoid bolus feedings in high-risk patients
- Consider using jejunum or duodenum feeding tubes instead
How to prevent Diarrhea, Vomiting, Gastroparesis during enteral
nutrition? Correct Answer-Initiate therapy at a slow rate using a dilute
solution.
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