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Chemical equilibrium notes R170,00
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Chemical equilibrium notes

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Neatly summarized notes of the IEB Chemistry notes. Simple explanations with images of Chemical equilibrium, graphs and reversible reactions. Images and annotations to help in understanding. Easy to read. For grade 10 to 12 Chemistry at school.

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  • November 13, 2024
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  • 2024/2025
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CHEMICAL EQUILIBRIUM


A chemical system is reversible if the products of the reaction can be
converted back into reactants



 Equilibrium can ONLY be reached in a closed system
 Equilibrium is dynamic. This means both the forward & reverse
reactions are still taking place although no change can be seen



Reminder:

H 0 endothermic Where the graph levels, it
exothermic means it has reached
Heo equilibrium




Always forward
reaction
Rate of reaction
Concentration (mol.dm-3)




R

R2 Always reverse
reaction
P
p
Time (s)

Time (s)


R1 + R2 P1 + P2

, LE CHATELIER’S PRINCIPAL:

When an external stress (change in pressure, temperature or concentration)
is applied to a system in dynamic equilibrium, the equilibrium point will
change in such a way as to counteract the stress


Use of a
catalyst Changing the
concentration



FACTORS THAT CAN
DISTURB CHEMICAL
EQUILIBRIUM




Change the Changing the
pressure temperature


CHANGING THE CONCENTRATION

 If a substance is increased the reaction which removes it will be
favoured



Example: H2 (g) + I2 (g) 2HI (g)



if this is The forward reaction will
increased be favoured to remove
the excess H2

NOTE: The concentration of a solid or a pure liquid cannot be changed


I

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