Get a comprehensive guide to the *Settlements of South Africa* in Grade 12 Geography! This resource covers key topics like urbanization, types of settlements, and the factors influencing settlement patterns. With clear explanations and essential summaries, it’s designed to help you master the mat...
Rural settlements
Settlement geography: study of settlement which is place where a group of people live
together where buildings are used for specific purposes.
Location: exact terrain where settlement occurs.
Location: placement of rural settlement with respect to its wide area.
Hierarchy: ranking of different types of settlements
Water Point Settlement: Arid region where water supply is scarce.
Drypoint settlement: along rivers, water abounds and floods occur.
Basic needs when choosing a stand.
Water: good, drained water.
Soil: deeply fertile soil.
Building materials: wood and stone.
Relief: avoid steep slopes.
Fuel: wood needed for making fire.
Transportation: near road or river.
Defensibility: security.
Scattered rural settlement:
Benefits are largely economic in nature:
Farmer works for himself, keeps all profits.
Farmer lives on his own piece of land.
Use own initiative.
Cons are largely social in nature:
My social contact.
Little protection, living on its own.
No help if farmer is sick.
, Nuclear settlement:
Benefits are more social in nature:
Daily contact.
People close together in times of need.
Farmers can help each other.
Machinery exchange.
Disadvantages are more economical in nature:
Decisions must be taken into account community.
Fields often shredded.
Not properly supervising fields.
Machines exchange.
Outline Forms of Rural Settlement:
Round: around common ground.
Line: along rivers,roads or coastlines.
Crossroads: form of cross.
T-shaped: shape of t-junction.
Star-shaped: many roads connect to each other.
Differences Between Subsistence Farming and Commercial Farming
Subsistence farming
Farming for family's needs only.
Not making a profit.
Land overcultivated and overgrazed.
Commercial farming
Market on a large scale.
Farming for profit.
Modern farming with new technology and machines.
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