PHILOSOPHY 101-YATES EXAM 1 PREP
QUESTION WITH CORRECT ANSWERS
What is philosophy? - term debated because there is no one definition
-ability to reason based on reflection and argument
-an activity/practice involving life, morality, reality & knowledge
-is there any one clear right or wrong
Human being - -the only being aware of its limits
-knows death and love
-can't stop himself from thinking about this state
-humans turn to religion which promise salvation
Salvation - -the condition of being saved of escaping a great misfortune
-the idea that we may one day be reacquainted with the one we love
what humans desire - -to be loved, understood and not separated from loved ones
-not to die and not to have them die
why christianity is so successful - -promises salvation/promise to see loved ones in an
afterlife
-death has many different faces
difference between philosophy and religion - philosophy
-doesn't believe in scriptures
-similar to scientific beliefs
-interested in psychological things
religion pulls upon God through faith
-if you believe in God he will save you
-religion demands hummility
stoicism - -coined the term "philosophy is medicine for the soul"
subject - technical term for a person in psychology
beliefs - we define ourselves with them
where did the term philosophy come from? - greek word philosphia -meaning love of
wisdom-good judgement possess knowledge and use it
, motto in philosophy - to live the examined life
self-examination - looking into our beliefs
western-philosphy - -has most influenced our society
-shaped patterns we live in
-very diverse no one side(lots of debates)
Why study philosophy? - -philosophy is personal--in heart and mind
-start provoking how you think
-improve critical thinking
why do people want knowledge? - -knowledge is power
-interpersonal, tangible, through experience
-practically navigating the world
-impractically/existential questions
useful=idealistic sense
Luc Ferry-"what is philosophy" key points - -we want to be saved from fear of death
-quest for salvation
-faith vs reason--you may be able to pursue salvation on both sides
3 orientations of philosophy - 1. theory- trying to see the truth on which we live
2. ethics- how to deal with others- rules of right and wrong
3. salvation/wisdom- how to live freely and contently w/o the fear of death
practical philosophy - philosophy of theories of ethics
Socrates main points - -"naive prejudices" can get in the way
-how can we have good arguments to back up our beliefs
4 approaches to doing philosophy - 1. definitions
2. logic & proofs
3. being visionary
4. focusing on the practical (the moral)
Socrates death - -is put on trial because he is teaching young people philosophy and
the elders don't agree
-he stays in jail until his death
Sophists - teachers of argumentation and NOT logic
Socrates main points when allowed to speak on trial - 1. concern for goodness
2. don't let fear of death shape actions/beliefs
3. people should account for themselves
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