Summary
Summary The Endocrine System
MATRIC CAPS syllabus
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Some examples from this set of practice questions
1.
What is the difference between exocrine glands and endocrine glands
Answer: Exocrine Glands are glands that have ducts. ie Salivary glands, sweat glands Endocrine Glands are glands which secrete hormones. They do not have ducts. Ie thyroid gland; adrenal gland.
2.
What is a hormone and what do they do
Answer: Hormones are organic chemical messengers which are mostly protein in nature. They are secreted into the blood. They form an integrated system allowing coordination and homoeostasis as well as control functions like growth or reproduction
3.
What is a target organ
Answer: An organ stimulated by a hormone
4.
What is homeostasis
Answer: finding balance or equilibrium
5.
what is coordination
Answer: The linking together of all bodily activities for effective and harmonious functioning of an organism as a whole
6.
What are the two systems which are responsible for coordination in the body
Answer: the nervous system and the endocrine system
7.
What are the differences between nervous and chemical messages
Answer: NERVOUS The message is carried as an impulse It\'s travels fast It is carried along by nerves The message acts for short period of time It targets a specific area it causes an immediate reaction CHEMICAL The message is carried by a hormone It travels slowly It is carried by the blood The message acts for a long period of time It acts over a wide area It results in a long-term reaction which is delayed and prolonged
8.
Where is the hypothalamus
Answer: it is located on the underside of the brain
9.
Explain how ADH helps bring about homeostasis
Answer: WHEN THERE IS TOO LITTLE WATER ADH secreted in large amounts Increases permeability of the distal convoluted tubule and collecting tubule walls More water leaves the tubules into the medulla where it is reabsorbed by the blood capillaries Excessive water loss from blood is prevented WHEN THERE IS TOO MUCH WATER ADH secretion is decreased, the permeability of the walls decreases Less water leaves and the remaining water is lost with the urine Excess water is excreted
10.
Where is the pituitary gland
Answer: Located in a bony cavity at the base of the brain
Content preview
CHAPTER SEVENENDOCRINE SYSTEM
DEFINITIONS
Exocrine Glands: these glands have ducts. ie Salivary glands, sweat glands
Endocrine Glands: glands which secrete hormones. They do not have ducts. Ie
thyroid gland; adrenal gland.
Hormones: organic chemical messengers which are mostly protein in nature.
● Form an integrated system allowing coordination and homoeostasis
● Control functions like growth or reproduction
● They are secreted into the blood
Target Organs: organs which are stimulated by hormones
THE NEED FOR AN ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
Homeostasis: finding balance
Coordination: the linking together of all bodily activities for effective and
harmonious functioning of an organism as a whole
The two systems which are responsible for coordination in the body are the
nervous system and the endocrine system. Each system works together but each
system works differently.
NERVOUS CHEMICAL
The message is carried as an impulse The message is carried by a hormone
It's travels fast It travels slowly
It is carried along by nerves It is carried by the blood
The message acts for short period of The message acts for a long period of
time time
It targets a specific area It acts over a wide area
It causes an immediate reaction It results in a long-term reaction
which is delayed and prolonged
, GLANDS AND THEIR FUNCTIONS
HYPOTHALAMUS
● it is located on the underside of the brain
ADH
TOO LITTLE WATER
● ADH secreted in large amounts
● Increases permeability of the distal convoluted tubule and collecting
tubule walls
● More water leaves the tubules into the medulla where it is reabsorbed by
the blood capillaries
● Excessive water loss from blood is prevented
TOO MUCH WATER
● ADH secretion is decreased, the permeability of the walls decreases
● Less water leaves and the remaining water is lost with the urine
● Excess water is excreted
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