Summary
Summary Genetics and inheritance
Matric CAPS syllabus
[Show more]
Connected book
Book Title:
Author(s):
- Edition:
- ISBN:
- Edition:
Available practice questions
Flashcards
62 Flashcards
R30,00
0 sales
Some examples from this set of practice questions
1.
Explain Heredity
Answer: Transmission of characteristics from parent to offspring.
2.
Explain inheritance
Answer: set of characteristics passed from parent to offspring
3.
Explain genetics
Answer: study of heredity and variations that occur in the transmission of hereditary characteristics
4.
explain homologous pair
Answer: identical in shape and size. One is maternal and the other paternal.
5.
Explain autosome
Answer: contains two sets of diploid chromosomes. One set maternal, the other paternal.
6.
explain gonosome
Answer: contains one set of haploid chromosomes. Formed by meiosis.
7.
Explain genes
Answer: a particular length of DNA at a particular location on the chromosome that influences a certain characteristic
8.
Explain DNA
Answer: genetic material which makes up a chromosome
9.
What is a locus
Answer: particular position of a gene on a chromosome
10.
explain monogenic inheritance
Answer: characteristics controlled by more than one gene at different loci on one or more chromosomes
Content preview
CHAPTER FIVEGENETICS AND INHERITANCE
DEFINITIONS
HEREDITY: Transmission of characteristics from parent to offspring.
INHERITANCE:set of characteristics passed from parent to offspring
GENETICS: study of heredity and variations that occur in the transmission of
hereditary characteristics
HOMOLOGOUS PAIR: identical in shape and size. One is maternal and the other
paternal.
AUTOSOMES:contains two sets of diploid chromosomes. One set maternal, the
other paternal.
GONOSOMES:contains one set of haploid chromosomes. Formed by meiosis.
GENES:a particular length of DNA at a particular location on the chromosome
that influences a certain characteristic
DNA: genetic material which makes up a chromosome
LOCUS: particular position of a gene on a chromosome
MONOGENIC INHERITANCE: characteristics controlled by a single gene at a single
locus
POLYGENIC INHERITANCE:characteristics controlled by more than one gene at
different loci on one or more chromosomes
PHENOTYPE: external appearance of an organism
GENOTYPE: genetic composition of an individual. Determines phenotype.
Combination of alleles for a characteristic
ALLELES:alternative forms of a gene found at the same locus and providing
different expressions of a characteristic
DOMINANT:one allele overpowers the other. It determines the phenotype.
, RECESSIVE: One allele is overpowered by the other. Only determines the
phenotype if both alleles are recessive.
HOMOZYGOUS: an individual has two copies of the same allele for a particular
genotype
HETEROZYGOUS: an individual has two different alleles for a particular
genotype
VARIATION: differences between individuals within a population
MUTATION: change in nucleotide sequence of a gene, resulting in a new allele
CROSSING OVER:process of homologous chromosomes exchanging corresponding parts
and thus genes during the first division of meiosis
HYBRID:an offspring from a cross between parents differing in one trait only
INBRED:in plants it is self pollination. In animals it is mating amongst the
offspring of the same parents
MONOHYBRID CROSS:cross between parents differing in one trait only
TRAIT: a gene characteristic
DIHYBRID CROSS:cross between parents differing in two traits
MONOHYBRID CROSSES
GREGOR MENDEL
- an Austrian monk
- did breeding experiments with garden peas from 1857 to 1864 to find out if
contrasting characteristics was a result of the effect of cross fertilisation.
He had 3 laws:
1. Law of Dominance
2. Law of Segregation
3. Law of Independent Assortment
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through EFT, credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying this summary from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller charlottiiieeeg. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy this summary for R50,00. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
Can Stuvia be trusted?
4.6 stars on Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)
64438 documents were sold in the last 30 days
Founded in 2010, the go-to place to buy summaries for 14 years now