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LoBiondo-Wood: Nursing Research in Canada, 4th Edition MULTIPLE CHOICE 1. Which of the following terms describes the process of translating the researcher’s concepts of interest into observable and measurable phenomena? a. Analysis b. Objectivity c. Consistency d. Operationalization ANS: D Feedback A. Analysis is the process of examining data; it does not specifically address measurable phenomena. B. The term objectivity refers to data not being influenced by the dat...

LoBiondo-Wood: Nursing Research in Canada, 4th Edition 1. A key step to the development of nursing research was a. the endowment of nursing research chairs. b. universities offering baccalaureate nursing programs. c. a baccalaureate degree becoming the entry to practice. d. the Canadian Nurses Association developing a research mandate. ANS: B Feedback A. Endowment of nursing research chairs did not occur until the number of nurses with PhD degrees increased. B. Universities...

LoBiondo-Wood: Nursing Research in Canada, 4th Edition MULTIPLE CHOICE 1. What is the first question that should be asked in determining whether an experimental design or a nonexperimental design should be used in a quantitative study? a. Is there an independent variable? b. What is the nature of the problem being studied? c. Will a measurement tool or instrument be needed? d. Can statistical analysis be applied to the study data? ANS: B Feedback A. Independent variables...

LoBiondo-Wood: Nursing Research in Canada, 4th Edition 1. Which of the following criteria must be met to infer causality? a. The relationship between cause and effect must be measurable and reciprocal. b. The relationship must not be explainable by any other variable. c. The independent variable must change in response to manipulation of the dependent variable. d. The outcome must be logical, expected, and predictable. ANS: B Feedback A. Cause and effect are not necessarily ...

LoBiondo-Wood: Nursing Research in Canada, 4th Edition 1. Which of the following distinctions is characteristic of qualitative research methods? a. Data are in text form. b. Data are dichotomous (either yes or no). c. Qualitative research does not generate data. d. Data from qualitative studies are inappropriate for analysis. ANS: A Feedback A. This is the distinctive characteristic of all qualitative design studies. B. Dichotomous data are nominal-level quantitative data....

LoBiondo-Wood: Nursing Research in Canada, 4th Edition 1. Which of the following factors is considered a measure to keep the conditions of a quantitative study uniform? a. Accuracy b. Methods c. Control d. Validity ANS: C Feedback A. Accuracy refers to all aspects of a study that systematically and logically follow the research question. B. Methods refers to sections of the research study that include sampling, data collection, and data analysis. C. The term control refe...

LoBiondo-Wood: Nursing Research in Canada, 4th Edition 1. Which of the following qualitative research approaches is most commonly used for theory building? a. Case study b. Phenomenology c. Grounded theory d. Ethnographic method ANS: C Feedback A. Case study focuses on specific clinical scenarios or situations. B. Phenomenology focuses on the lived experience of a particular phenomenon. C. Grounded theory is associated with theory building. D. The ethnographic method f...

LoBiondo-Wood: Nursing Research in Canada, 4th Edition 1. What is the difference between a hypothesis and a research problem? a. There is no difference between a research problem and a hypothesis. b. A hypothesis is theory based, and a research question is practice based. c. A hypothesis attempts to answer the question posed by the research problem. d. A research problem defines clinical research, and a hypothesis defines bench research. ANS: C Feedback A. Hypotheses test re...

LoBiondo-Wood: Nursing Research in Canada, 4th Edition MULTIPLE CHOICE 1. In Canada, the ethical standards for nursing practice come from a. the Criminal Code. b. the provincial legislation. c. the Canadian Nurses Association (CNA) professional Code of Ethics. d. the Regulated Health Professions Act. ANS: C Feedback A. The Code of Ethics for Nurses was written by the CNA. B. The Code of Ethics for Nurses was written by the CNA for nurses across the nation. C. The Cod...

LoBiondo-Wood: Nursing Research in Canada, 4th Edition 1. Which of the following best describes a student’s task of gathering information on a topic in preparing a paper for a class assignment? a. Critiquing a study b. Researching a topic c. Conducting a study d. Searching the literature ANS: B Feedback A. A critique of a study determines the study’s strengths and weaknesses; the critique of the literature review is only one focus of the overall critique. B. A critical...