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  5. Mercantile Law 311

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Summary Labour Law 311 comprehensive notes
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These notes combine the textbook, the relevant legislation (the LRA, the EEA, the BCEA), as well as case law. The summaries are thorough, neat, and well-organised. I studied solely from my notes for labour law last year (3rd year) and obtained a distinction from the module.

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  • April 23, 2022
  • 211
  • 2021/2022
  • Summary

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Mercantile Law 311
(Labour Law) notes
Compiled by Mari Louw in 2021. DO NOT DISTRIBUTE.


MARIA MAGDALENA Louw 22862439

, 1



Contents
Introduction................................................................................................................................6

Fundamental challenge:..........................................................................................................6

How legislation imposes fairness on the employment relationship – 5 mechanisms............7

Sources of labour law:............................................................................................................7

The Constitution:....................................................................................................................8

Case Law..............................................................................................................................10

Fedlife Assurance v Wolfaardt (2002) (SCA) (not prescr):.............................................10

Baloyi v Public Protector 2020 (CC) (prescr):.................................................................11

Old Mutual v Moyo 2020 (prescr):..................................................................................14

Pretorius v Transport Pension Fund 2018 (CC) (prescr):.................................................16

Contracts and Terms and Conditions of Employment............................................................18

Sources of terms and conditions and their interaction.........................................................19

Contractual terms.................................................................................................................20

Naturalia of the contract...................................................................................................21

Variation of terms and conditions of employment...........................................................22

Applicable common law principles......................................................................................23

Common law remedies for breach of contract and termination:......................................25

Scenario with possible remedies..........................................................................................26

Labour Legislation – NMWA and BCEA................................................................................29

Basic Conditions of Employment Act 1997.........................................................................29

Variation of basic conditions of employment..................................................................30

Were they an employee?..........................................................................................................32

General.................................................................................................................................32

Definition of employee.........................................................................................................32

Employees and independent contractors..............................................................................34

, 2


Common law tests used by courts to distinguish between them:.....................................34

Statutory presumption......................................................................................................36

The changing nature of work................................................................................................37

Temporary Employment Services:...................................................................................37

Fixed Term Employees........................................................................................................42

(Part-time employees)..........................................................................................................45

Was there a dismissal?.............................................................................................................47

Overview..............................................................................................................................47

6 Types of dismissal in LRA................................................................................................49

With or without notice - S186(1)(a).................................................................................49

Failure to renew a fixed term contract - s186(1)(b):........................................................52

Pregnancy - S186(1)(c):...................................................................................................57

Selective non-reemployment - S186(1)(d):......................................................................57

Constructive dismissal – s186(1)(e):................................................................................58

Transfer of a business – S186(1)(f):.................................................................................62

Was the dismissal unfair?.........................................................................................................63

Limits on compensation:......................................................................................................63

S187 – automatically unfair dismissal..................................................................................63

S5 LRA infringement freedom of association..................................................................65

S187(1)(a) LRA participation in a protected strike..........................................................66

S187(1)(b) refusal to do the work of a protected striker:.................................................68

S187(1)(c) LRA dismissal for refusal to accept a demand about a matter of mutual
interest:.............................................................................................................................68

S187(1)(d) exercise of rights............................................................................................76

S187(1)(e) pregnancy.......................................................................................................77

S187(1)(f) unfair discrimination......................................................................................77

S87(1)(g) transfer as a going concern..............................................................................81

, 3


PDA of 2000: Protected disclosure..................................................................................82

Potentially fair dismissals.........................................................................................................83

Incapacity:............................................................................................................................83

1) Poor work performance................................................................................................84

2) Medical incapacity (based on ill health and injury).....................................................95

Misconduct...........................................................................................................................99

Overview of the disciplinary process.............................................................................100

Substantive fairness of a dismissal for misconduct........................................................101

Procedural fairness of a dismissal for misconduct.........................................................116

Dismissal for operational requirements..............................................................................120

Distinction between small/ordinary and large-scale retrenchments...............................121

Requirements for substantive fairness:...........................................................................123

Requirements for procedural fairness:...........................................................................125

Employment equity and affirmative action............................................................................131

constitutional framework:...................................................................................................132

Unfair discrimination.....................................................................................................132

Affirmative action..........................................................................................................134

Interaction between AA and unfair discrimination:.......................................................142

Unfair discrimination in terms of the Employment Equity Act 1998................................143

Amendments to EEA in 2014:........................................................................................143

Unfair discrimination overview:....................................................................................144

S6(1) EEA: basic prohibition on unfair discrimination:................................................144

Unfair labour practices:..........................................................................................................158

Promotion:..........................................................................................................................158

Substantive and procedural fairness of failure to promote:............................................159

Demotion:...........................................................................................................................161

Benefits:..............................................................................................................................161

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