Summary
Medicine Cardiovascular Microbiology Summary
- Course
- Medicine (SCMD3000)
- Institution
- University Of The Witwatersrand (wits)
summary of 3rd year lecture notes
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CVS BlockMicrobiology Summary
Chaandanee Bhayroo
1420214
GEMP 1
, Myocarditis and Pericarditis
Myocarditis
• inflammatory disease of the myocardium resulting from infectious and non-infectious
causes
• common
• may be accompanied by pericarditis
Causes
Pathogenesis
1) Acute Phase
a. Viral entry into myocytes
b. Causes cellular damage (necrosis)
c. Activates the immune system
2) Subacute Phase
a. Inflammation causes impairment of myocytes
b. Effects ventricular function
3) Chronic Phase
a. Fibrosis, dilatation, contractile dysfunction [Dilated cardiomyopathy]
Clinical features
• Ranges from asymptomatic to symptoms resembling MI – cardiogenic shock
• Chest pain, dyspnoea
• Arrhythmias, acute/chronic cardiac failure
• Viral infection symptoms – body aches, fever, sore throat, diarrhoea
• Pericarditis
NB: diagnosis cannot be made on clinical basis alone
Diagnostic tests
• Endomyocardial biopsy – histological, immunological, and immune-histochemical evaluation
• Dallas criteria = evaluates lymphocyte infiltration and myonecrosis
• Biomarkers – confirm diagnosis. Troponin more frequently elevated than creatinine kinase.
Leukocytes and CRP may be elevated
• Infective agent – viral serology / PCR
• ECG - not specific
• Echocardiogram - chamber size, wall thickness, systolic and diastolic function
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