Everything you need to know for physical science P1 based on the 2024 Subject Assessment Guidelines document. Written by an experienced physics tutor and past IEB student. A well-structured, coherent and concise summary written specifically for the matrics of 2024.
PHYSICAL SCIENCE PAPER ONE
MADE BY: CLAUDIA FREESE
OFFERING TUTORING SERVICES FOR GRADE 12 MATH AND PHYSICAL SCIENCE
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CONTENTS:
KINEMATICS
NEWTONS LAWS
MOMENTUM, IMPULSE, WORK, ENERGY AND POWER
GRAVITATIONAL AND ELECTRIC FIELDS
ELECTRIC CIRCUITS
ELECTRODYNAMICS
PHOTONS AND ELECTRONS
.
,VECTORS AND SCALARS
KINEMATICS
VECTOR: A PHYSICAL QUANTITY THAT HAS BOTH MAGNITUDE AND DIRECTION EG: DISPLACEMENT OR VELOCITY
SCALAR: A PHYSICAL QUANTITY THAT HAS MAGNITUDE ONLY EG: DISTANCE OR SPEED
RESULTANT VECTOR: THE SINGLE VECTOR WHICH HAS THE SAME EFFECT AS THE ORIGINAL VECTORS ACTING TOGETHER.
z
NB: HEAD TO TAIL
METHOD
THE RED ARROW IS FORCE ONE.
THE GREEN ARROW IS FORCE TWO.
THE BLACK ARROW IS THE RESULTANT VECTOR.
i
YOU CAN DETERMINE THE PERPENDICULAR COMPONENTS OF ANY VECTOR .USING A RIGHT ANGLED TRIANGLE, AND THE SIN, COS, AND TAN. RULES
DISTANCE: THE LENGTH OF PATH TRAVELLED FOR EXAMPLE:
FMX
DISPLACEMENT: A CHANGE IN POSITION
SPEED: THE RATE OF CHANGE OF DISTANCE
VELOCITY: THE RATE OF CHANGE OF POSITION
ACCELERATION: THE RATE OF CHANGE OF VELOCITY sine
KNOW THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN AVERAGE VELOCITY AND INSTANTANEOUS VELOCITY 10
a cosa
VERTICAL PROJECTILE MOTION IN ONE DIMENSION
PROJECTILES FALL FREELY WITH GRAVITATIONAL ACCELERATION g 9.8ms 2
*NOTE: PROJECTILES TAKE THE SAME AMOUNT OF TIME TO REACH THEIR GREATEST HEIGHT FROM THE POINT OF UPWARD LAUNCH AS THE TIME
THEY TAKE TO FALL BACK TO THE POINT OF LAUNCH.
EQUATIONS OF MOTION
GRAPHS OF MOTIO
MUST BE ABLE TO DRAW THE FOLLOWING GRAPHS:
• POSITION VS TIME
• VELOCITY VS TIME
• ACCELERATION VS TIME
MUST BE ABLE TO INTERPRET GRAPHS OF MOTION:
• DETERMINE THE VELOCITY OF AN OBJECT FROM THE GRADIENT OF A POSITION VS TIME GRAPH.
• DETERMINE THE ACCELERATION OF AN OBJECT FROM THE GRADIENT OF A VELOCITY VS TIME GRAPH.
• DETERMINE THE DISPLACEMENT OF AN OBJECT BY FINDING THE AREA UNDER A VELOCITY VS TIME GRAPH For tutoring
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, DIFFERENT KINDS OF FORCES
NEWTON'S LAWS
WEIGHT : THE GRAVITATIONAL FORCE THE EARTH EXERTS ON ANY OBJECT ON OR NEAR ITS SURFACE
HOW TO CALCULATE WEIGHT
NORMAL FORCE : THE PERPENDICULAR FORCE EXERTED BY A SURFACE ON AN OBJECT IN CONTACT WITH IT
FRICTIONAL FORCE DUE TO A SURFACE : THE FORCE THAT OPPOSES THE MOTION OF AN OBJECT AND ACTS PARALLEL TO THE SURFACE
WITH WHICH THE OBJECT IS IN CONTACT
COEFFICIENT OF STATIC
MAXIMUM STATIC FRICTION FRICTION
MAXIMUM VALUE OF FRICTION BETWEEN TWO SURFACES
*BE ABLE TO DISTINGUISH BETWEEN STATIC AND KINETIC FRICTION FORCES
USED TO CALCULATE KINETIC FRICTION FORCES
FREE BODY DIAGRAMS USING FORCE DIAGRAMS
RESOLVE FORCES INTO PARALLEL (X) AND PERPENDICULAR (Y) COMPONENTS
*NB: YOU NEED A KEY
NORMAL FORCE A
FRICTION
Ftr we WEIGHT
Fa APPLIED FORCE Aly a sinzo
30
THE DOT IS THE OBJECT OF INTEREST also a cosso
CALCULATE THE RESULTANT OR NET FORCE IN THE X-DIRECTION AS A VECTOR SUM OF ALL THE COMPONENTS IN THE X-DIRECTION AND THE
RESULTANT OR NET FORCE IN THE Y-DIRECTION AS A VECTOR SUM OF ALL THE COMPONENTS IN THE Y-DIRECTION
FROM HERE CALCULATE THE RESULTANT OR NET FORCE USING THE RESULTANT X AND Y
A Alec Aly
Aly PYTHAGORUS
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