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Summary Hybridization Revision with Qs & Answers.
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Quick and short revision on Hybridization. Description of the four types of Hybridization. A few questions are asked with answers provided.

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  • May 14, 2023
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  • 2022/2023
  • Summary

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University of the Witwatersrand
Course: Chemistry1012( Chemistry I)
Hybridization revision and questions with answers



Hybridization is a term used to describe the combination of atomic orbitals to form new hybrid orbitals
that have different properties from their parent orbitals. This process of hybridization is used to explain
the shapes of molecular orbitals and the bonding behaviour of molecules.



The hybridization of the central atom in a molecule depends on various factors such as the number of
electron pairs around the central atom, the geometrical configuration, and the nature of the atoms
bonded to the central atom.



There are several types of hybridization that occur in molecules, including:



1. Sp hybridization – This occurs when the central atom has two electron pairs and two bonding
atoms, resulting in the formation of two equivalent hybrid orbitals. Examples include BeCl2 and
C2H2.



2. Sp2 hybridization – This occurs when the central atom has three electron pairs and three
bonding atoms, resulting in the formation of three equivalent hybrid orbitals. Examples include
BCl3 and CO2.




3. Sp3 hybridization – This occurs when the central atom has four electron pairs and four bonding
atoms, resulting in the formation of four equivalent hybrid orbitals. Examples include CH4 and
SF4.



4. Sp3d hybridization – This occurs when the central atom has five electron pairs and five bonding
atoms, resulting in the formation of five equivalent hybrid orbitals. Examples include PF5 and
SF6.




5. Sp3d2 hybridization – This occurs when the central atom has six electron pairs and six bonding
atoms, resulting in the formation of six equivalent hybrid orbitals. Examples include SF6 and
XeF4.

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