Summary
Summary of Digestion
Basic summary of digestion
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DigestionDigestive Organs Accessory Organs
Structure Function Structure Function
Mouth Mechanical Salivary glands Secretes
(reduces size enzymes that
of food) digest
Chemical carbohydrates
(saliva digests
carbohydrates)
Oesophagus Transports Liver Secretes
food molecules
required for
digestion of
fats
Stomach Mechanical Gall bladder Stores
Chemical secretions
Digestion of Proteins from liver
Empties into
small intestine
Small Intestine Chemical Pancreas Secretes
digestion enzymes and
(proteins, fats, other
carbohydrates) materials into
Absorption small intestine
(nutrients,
water)
FINAL
DIGESTION
Large Intestine Water
absorption
Faeces
formation
, Digestion
Structure Function
Lumen Where food enters
Combines with HCl + digests
Mucosa layer Food can be taken up here when
passed through membrane and
capillaries
Villi contribute to increased surface
area to increase digestion. Also causes
food to move slower through tract for
maximum absorption.
Submucosa layer Contains nerve fibres
Nerve fibres Co-ordinates digestion, secretion, and
motility
Muscle layer/Muscularis Contraction
Inner + outer fibres
Only in stomach is there another type
of muscle (opaque muscle layer)
Serosa Acts as buffer
Protects tract
Anchors tract to body walls
Digestion Types
Organic foods mechanically and chemically broken down into smaller units for absorption
1. Intracellular
a. Animals that do not have digestive system
b. Food taken in through phagocytosis
c. Food wastes extruded from cell through exocytosis
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