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Summary Graad 8 Natuurwetenskap Opsommings vir Halfjaar Eksamen R100,00   Add to cart

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Summary Graad 8 Natuurwetenskap Opsommings vir Halfjaar Eksamen

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Graad 8 Natuurwetenskap Opsommings vir Halfjaar Eksamen.

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  • May 20, 2024
  • 10
  • 2023/2024
  • Summary
All documents for this subject (16)
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SimIStudying
Nat/skei
Materie en Materiale
Atome
 Alles bestaan uit materie.
 Materie: Enige iets wat massa het en ruimte beslaan.
 Materie kan lewend of nie lewend wees.
 Materie bestaan uit klein deeltjies wat atome genome word.



 Atome: Kleinste boustene van materie.
 Atome van 1 element is almal dieselfde, maar verskil van die atome van al die ander
elemente.



 Element: Stof wat slegs uit atome van dieselfde sort bestaan.
Voorbeelde: Koper, silwer, goud, suurstof.
 Element kan nie op chemiese maniere afgebreek word nie.

Periodieke tabel




Subatomiese Deeltjies
Atome bestaan uit protone, neutrone en elektrone.

Subatomiese deeltjie: Deeltjie wat kleiner is as die atoom.

Subatomiese deeltjies van ‘n atoom:

 Protone  Positief gelaai.
 Neutrone  Neutraal (geen lading).

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,  Elektrone  Negatief gelaai.

Protone en neutrone het dieselfde massa.

Elektrone het ‘n baie klein massa.




 Sentrale deel van ‘n atoom is die kern.
 Kern word ook die nukleus genoem.
 Kern bestaan uit protone en neutrone.



 Protone en neutrone saam word nukleone genoem.
 Al die massa van die atoom is in die kern omdat protone en
neutrone se massa meer is as die van elketrone.
 Protone en neutrone is daarom verantwoordelik vir die massa
van die atoom.
 Protone is positief gelaai en die neutrone het geen lading 
daarom het die kern ‘n positiewe lading.



 Negatiewe deeltjies (elektrone) beweeg om die kern.
 Elektrone  verantwoordelik vir die volume van die atoom.
 Baie van die atoom bestaan uit ‘n leë ruimte.



 Atome is neutraal omdat die totale aantal positiefgelaaide protone = totale negatiefgelaaide
elektrone.
 Aantal elektrone is altyd dieselfde as die aantal protone.  Daarom bly die atoom neutraal.
 Waterstof is ongewoon  dit geen neutrone het nie.

Suiwer
stowwe
 Het




spesifieke fisiese en chemiese eienskappe + ‘n vaste samestelling.
 Watermonster met geen ander stowwe ingemeng nie  suiwerstof.
 Daarom sal dit altyd op dieselfde manier optree.
 Kan NIE ‘n suiwer stof fisies skei soos wat jy ‘n mengsel kan skei nie.
 Suiwer stowwe kan slegs deur chemiese reaksies geskei word.
 Elemente ne verbindings is suiwer stowwe.


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