This is a comprehensive and detailed note that Covers a brief history of psychological treatment, medication, Fraud, defenses, talking therapies, cognitive behavioral therapy, ethical issues, group therapy, and the influence of gender on psychotherapy.
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Psychothe
rapies
Table of Contents
Psychotherapies..........................................................................................................................1
History, medicine and medication.........................................................................................................2
The Kingston Asylum scandal (1860).................................................................................................2
Diagnosis and medication..................................................................................................................2
Life Esidimeni tragedy, then and now................................................................................................3
Fraud: Discovering the deep mind.....................................................................................................3
The unconscious, dissociation and repression...................................................................................3
Dissociation:..................................................................................................................................3
Repression:....................................................................................................................................3
We all have defences.........................................................................................................................5
Examples of defences:...................................................................................................................5
Interpreting dreams...........................................................................................................................5
Rogerian Listening.............................................................................................................................6
Why does talking help?......................................................................................................................6
, Some kinds of talking are unhelpful..................................................................................................6
Having a good talk:............................................................................................................................6
Aim of humanist therapies:...............................................................................................................6
Problems with CBT.................................................................................................................................8
Family Therapy..................................................................................................................................8
Group therapy...................................................................................................................................8
Factors that cause difficulty...................................................................................................................9
Gender and psychotherapy...................................................................................................................9
Experience.............................................................................................................................................9
Values and therapy..............................................................................................................................10
Ethical Issues.......................................................................................................................................10
History, medicine and medication
Lunatic asylums: incarceration in the early history of institutional care
Use of physical restraints and confinement
Who got incarcerated:
- sometimes the poor
- those with chronic illnesses
- people with a variety of severe mental illnesses (psychoses) or organic disease (eg: brain
injury, epilepsy, neurosyphilis- neurological effect of syphilis: there used to be no treatment)
- Those seen as being a danger to self or others, or a disturbance to public order
There was never enough accommodation for the amount of people who needed it
Sometimes used patients as a form of labour (farming, laundry etc.) A form of exploitation. But
having routine work could be therapeutic, and better than just sitting in the ward with nothing to do.
Patients tended to stay incarcerated for very long periods of time
Reliance on routine and sedatives as opposed to therapies and treatments
The Kingston Asylum scandal (1860)
High death rate; unwanted pregnancies; cruelty and fraud
Mrs Ann Pratt: used ‘tanking’ as punishment. (‘Seven months in the Kingston lunatic asylum and
what I saw there’).
Investigated by Lunatic Asylum Commission in London: found to be a woman of ‘rude mind and cruel
temper’
Helped spur the movement to ensure more human treatment of the insane
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