Handwritten Renal pathology notes. Comprehensive summary based on lectures slides. Ideal for 3rd year medical students at wits in the renal block.
All renal pathology lectures covered
hypokalaemin
ionotropic effect
.
3 Cardina
contractilityAlkalosis
Acidosis - t D ac due to-ve
of Hb
on heart
4
. Or
delivery a ↓ On
of
-
delivery ble 1
affinity to O2
.
5 Fatal at extremes plt
Sources of HT
Metabolic Processes
J F
netabolism
-
breakdown
Aerobic metabolism Netabolism of phosphoric ,
sulfuric Anderobic
Triglyceride
=
proteins amino acids T
CO2 He CO3 T
lacticacids Ketoacids
phosphoric ,
sulduric ,
hydrochloric acids
Maintaining pl
·
Buffers -b seconds to minutes
·
Resp-p minutes to hous
Renal hours
- to
days
·
-
Buffers
weak acid +
conjugate base lessens
change
in CT when acid/ base is added
strong
-
a
·
Bicarbonate buffer a ECF ·
other protein bulders a ICf
·
Phosphate buffer D ICf B wine ·
Bone buffer D Chronic acidosis
·
Haemoglobin bulfer *
ECf
Bicarbonate buffer
+ -low
HCOz-
+
H
HeCO3 H H20 pKa
=
+
=> CO2 + -
HeCOg +
HC05a = 61 .
phosphate proton buffers released
Exchange of protons on bone surface Reduce bone formation increased bone resorption
·
·
,
Respiratory regulation
pH of C87 :
(O2 +
HeO = H+ + HCOsi Central Chemoreceptors :
Peripheral Chemoreceptor :
Brainstem
crosses" BBB
·
·
Medulla
Ronal
Regulation
metabolic component :
HCO3 and H+
HC8z- Reabsorption,
+
regeneration
H Excretion
Bicarbonate reabsorption Bicarbonate
regeneration effective for
↑ more
- Dmaintain conc.
③
②
-illbe
Q
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