Katemidd25

Life Sciences (Biology) notes/ summaries based on IEB grade 12 curriculum. This includes: - Chromosomes and meiosis - DNA the code of life - Genetics and genetic engineering - Evolution and hominid studies - Human endocrine system - Human reproduction - Population ecology - Reproduction in flowering plants - Reproductive animal strategies

Chromosomes And Meiosis notes include: - Chromosomes - Chromosomes in somatic cells - Meiosis 1 and 2 - Processes

DNA - The Code Of Life notes include: - Discovery of DNA - Nitrogenous bases - Role of DNA - Genes and non-coding DNA - DNA replication - RNA - Protein synthesis (transcription & translation) - Genetic aberrations - DNA technology - Mitochondrial DNA

Evolution And Hominid Studies notes include: - Development of the theory of evolution - Evidence of evolution - Hypothesis vs. theory - Fundamental aspects of evolution (patterns & trends) - Evolution by natural selection - Evolution by other mechanisms - Artificial selection - Formation of new species - Convergent and divergent evolution - Speciation - Reproductive isolation - Hominid studies (hominids, characteristics & evidence) - Spread of modern humans

Genetics And Genetic Engineering notes include: - Gregor Mendel and his experiment - Genes and alleles - Monohybrid and test crosses - Sex chromosomes - Sex linked alleles and diseases - Polygenetic inheritance - Genomes and Human Genome Project - Gene mutations - Neutral, beneficial and harmful mutations - Genetic counselling - Recombinant DNA technology - Inulin manufacturing - Gene therapy - GMOs - Cloning

Human Endocrine System notes include: - Definitions - Hypothalamus (ADH) - Pituitary gland (TSH, FSH, LH, ACTH, ICSH, GH, prolactin) - Thyroid gland (thyroxin) - Pancreas (insulin, glucagon) - Adrenal glands (adrenaline, cortisol, aldosterone) - Gonads (testosterone, oestrogen, progesterone) - Disorders - Negative feedback systems - Hormones in sport

Human Reproduction notes include: - Male reproductive system - Female reproductive system - Puberty - Gametogenesis (spermatogenesis & oogenesis) - Menstrual cycle (ovarian cycle & uterine cycle) - Gestation/ pregnancy - Parturition/ birth

Population Ecology notes include: - Affecting factors - Regulation - Limiting factors - Estimating population size - Predator-prey relationships - Competition - Ecological niches - Ecological succession - Social organisation - Human population

Reproduction In Flowering Plants notes include: - Asexual and sexual reproduction - Angiosperm reproduction - Parts of the flower and their functions - Pollination vs. fertilisation - Improved food crops - Relevant processes

Reproductive Animal Strategy notes include: - Courtship behaviours - External and internal fertilisation - Oviparous, viviparous and ovoviviparous - Amniotic egg - Precocial and altricial development - Parental care